There are two main methods for manganese removal: oxidation processes andfiltration techniques.
These techniques operate by altering the form of manganese in the water or byphysically removing it.
1. Oxidation Procedure
During the oxidation process the manganese is converted into an easily separablesolid form. Effective methods include chemical oxidation and air injection. Airinjection injects oxygen into the water to help to precipitate the manganese out ofthe water for easier filtration. Manganese can also be rapidly oxidised usingchemical oxidants such as potassium permanganate.
These methods require careful control of pH and time to be effective.
Monitoring these settings is important to the optimal manganese removal, toensure the manganese is fully precipitated and does not re-enter the watersystem.These methods alter the chemical state of manganese in the water orphysically remove it.
2. Techniques of Filtration
The manganese has to be filtered out of the water once it is oxidised. A typicalsolution is to install a manganese greensand filter which will effectively remove themanganese particles.
Also reverse osmosis works very well especially in combination with an oxidationprocess. It can remove manganese in oxidised or non-oxidized form.
Most methods are feasible and reliable, but the right filter selection depends on thecharacteristics of the water and the budget.
For those on a budget, a reverse osmosis filter is a good option.
