Manganese greensand is a naturally mined material. These systems are equipped with an Autotrol 263 control valve, potassium permanganate feeder, and potassium permanganate initial dose.
Any water containing iron above 0.3ppm will cause staining of fixtures and china (red, yellow), and damage clothing. Iron in water is often accompanied by manganese, which at concentrations of 0.05ppm will cause dark staining (brown-black). Manganese greensand filters are also very effective at removing hydrogen sulfide (sulfur (rotten egg odor)).
Manganese greensand filters remove iron, manganese, arsenic from groundwater
Filtration using manganese greensand generally requires pretreatment with an oxidant. In small commercial or residential systems, this can be accomplished by utilizing oxygen from the air using a small air pump and a contact tank upstream of the greensand filter. In large flow rates such as industrial water filtration, this is typically accomplished using strong oxidants such as chlorine and/or potassium permanganate. Since the oxidation reaction required to convert soluble materials to solid particles must be completed within the 1-2 minutes of filter residence time before successful filtration, the water chemistry must favor fast reaction kinetics.
